2011年台灣櫻花蝦問與答(續)

Johnny 問：
I noticed that Four vessels with 日盛, adopt some kind of cooperative like Dong-Gan, they anchor at Wuxi port as before, four vessel total catch share by members of cooperative, this is the evolution. while rest of trawler still individually operated and contracted with other seafood processor.
Sorting manually after catch may still be inevitable, when seafood processor demand it. as not only they want to pick out lantern fish, but also other species of shrimp with similar size and color. that will always be mixed as bycatch. In seafood processor point of view, and seafood processor does not like to pick and sort at factory, they like it to be done at port before take over to their truck and pick or not also affect their buying price, so mutually both fisherman and seafood processor prefer fisherman to sort and pick sakura ebi at port
On the other hand, there is one factor that may affect bacterial count of catch, that is use of seawater to wash cath after returning to port, vs. performing wash while still at sea(cleaner water at sea, vs. port) we all know how dirty seawater is inside fishing port.
Thanks for info of sakura ebi trawling net drawing .三腳虎？或 danish sein? But as you told me before, it may not be suitable to use sein method in this fishing ground like Japanese method, unless you have new discovery and idea, photos on your blog page seems have pair vessels for seining operation

漁民從櫻蝦漁獲中辛苦挑出混獲的雜魚蝦情形(王敏昌攝2008)

MC答：
早期受陳守仁博士所撰寫台灣櫻蝦漁業發展之影響，一直以為東港櫻蝦中層拖網是唯一的捕撈方法。當吳書和也找陳丁木拖網船要開發宜蘭櫻蝦時，也以當年開發南極蝦的思維，去調整改進現有的單船底拖網具。
直到陳金得先生邀請去日本參訪櫻蝦原鄉，才恍然台灣櫻蝦中層拖網漁法是為了將就捕櫻蝦產銷班漁民所熟悉的拖網漁法。而日本捕櫻蝦一開始就是用有囊圍網的漁法，真正的說法是圍拖網漁法，類似扒網(三腳虎)、danish seine的作業方式，但網具結構、材質、網目大小不同，日本雖然兩船一組，但下網還是單船作業，只有運搬漁獲才兩船合作。
日本漁民及試驗所研究人員說法一致，櫻蝦白天濃密成群棲息於150-300公尺深，日落後開始上浮，浮到50公尺以淺就散開，所以圍網或拖網都沒辦法大量漁獲，日本櫻蝦網具囊網部短，袖網部長又深，沉子用鉛塊大又重，能迅速下沉到70公尺深，有效圍捕還在濃密成群的櫻蝦。
台灣是白天用拖網捕撈100-200公尺深的櫻蝦群，可以作業3-4網次，每次作業2-3小時；日本是天黑後捕撈70-50公尺深的櫻蝦群，只下一網次。

Johnny 問：
but you said the vertical movement in Taiwan differ from Japan at night, not swarm /concentrated for seine method ?
MC答：
漁民大都數是保守的，當初指導林錫龍、陳丁木調整控制網具捕獲200公斤櫻蝦進大溪漁港，看到圍觀漁民驚訝的表情，除了仔細端詳掛在船尾的網具外，漁民心裡也知道有了網口機他也能捕到櫻蝦。
要是有一天扒網船長稍微改進網具，在太陽下山後19:00-20:00，用網口機控制網具圍捕到50-70公尺左右水深的櫻蝦，相信會給台灣的櫻蝦漁業帶來震撼。
大溪漁民曾組團去東港見習櫻蝦產銷班好幾次，就是沒有人願意去嚐試，要不是2006年年輕企業家吳書和先生以一天3萬元租船方式去嚐試創業，宜蘭的櫻蝦漁業還不知道在那裡？
技術不是問題，害怕的是漁政單位及漁會、漁民無法掌控管理，造成資源無法永續利用。